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Reservoir EngineeringPVT and Rock-Fluid PropertiesIn-depth reference

Capillary Number Calculator

Nc=μwV0.304886400σowN_c = \frac{\mu_w \cdot V \cdot 0.3048}{86400 \cdot \sigma_{ow}}

Enter the required velocity, viscosity, and interfacial-tension inputs. The calculator returns dimensionless capillary number.

Tabular solver

Inputs

Defaults provide a quick field-unit example for the equation.

3 variables

Your input values and calculation stay in this browser.

Engineering reference summary

Calculation context and source notes

Capillary number compares viscous forces with capillary forces and is commonly used as a rock-fluid screening parameter in displacement and recovery calculations.

Use it for reservoir engineering and enhanced-oil-recovery screening when velocity, viscosity, and interfacial tension are known.

Solves for

N_c (dimensionless)

Formula reference

Formula, variables, and default calculation

Nc=μwV0.304886400σowN_c = \frac{\mu_w \cdot V \cdot 0.3048}{86400 \cdot \sigma_{ow}}

Reproducible default result

With the default values shown below, the calculation returns N_c = 0.000001 dimensionless. Defaults demonstrate the implementation; they are not recommended field values.

mu_wcP

1

Vft/day

10

sigma_owdyn/cm

30

Input definitions

mu_w

cP

Viscosity of Displacing Fluid

V

ft/day

Characteristic Velocity

sigma_ow

dyn/cm

Interfacial Tension between Oil and Water

Output definitions

N_c

dimensionless

Capillary Number

mu_w

cP

Viscosity of Displacing Fluid (rearranged)

V

ft/day

Characteristic Velocity (rearranged)

sigma_ow

dyn/cm

Interfacial Tension (rearranged)

Engineering use, assumptions, and limits

Use it for reservoir engineering and enhanced-oil-recovery screening when velocity, viscosity, and interfacial tension are known.

Assumptions

  • Velocity, viscosity, and interfacial tension are representative of the displacement being evaluated.
  • The selected equation form matches the units declared by the formula record.
  • The result is interpreted as a screening ratio, not a complete displacement model.

Limitations

  • Does not include relative permeability, wettability alteration, pore-scale heterogeneity, or phase trapping directly.
  • Cannot by itself predict recovery factor or residual oil saturation.

Common mistakes

  • Mixing viscosity and interfacial tension unit systems.
  • Treating a dimensionless ratio as a standalone EOR design result.
  • Comparing capillary numbers without confirming the same definition was used.

Source and record status

Source metadata identifies the relationship implemented by the calculator. Check the cited edition, unit basis, and scope against the engineering case before operational use.

reviewedguidance published

Lake, L. W. (1989). Enhanced Oil Recovery. Prentice Hall, Chapter 4.

Open source reference

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