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Craft and Hawkins Vertical Well Critical Coning Rate Formula

qo=0.007078koh(pwspwf)μoBoln(re/rw)PRq_o=\frac{0.007078k_oh(p_{ws}-p_{wf})}{\mu_oB_o\ln(r_e/r_w)}PR

Craft and Hawkins Vertical Well Critical Coning Rate calculates critical oil rate without coning for well performance workflows in reservoir engineering.

Calculate

How engineers use this formula

Use this formula when the listed inputs (b, r_w, h, k_o, p_ws, p_wf, mu_o, B_o, r_e) are known and the assumptions behind the cited well performance relationship match the engineering case being checked.

Assumptions

  • Input values are representative for the well, reservoir, fluid, or equipment case being evaluated.
  • The declared units match the field-unit constants used in the formula.
  • The cited formula applies to the selected petroleum engineering workflow.

Limitations

  • The calculation does not replace a full engineering model or operating procedure.
  • Accuracy depends on the source correlation, assumptions, input quality, and unit consistency.

Common mistakes

  • Mixing unit systems without converting the inputs.
  • Using default example values as field recommendations.
  • Applying the formula outside the source assumptions.

Default example

Using the default inputs, q_o equals 643.734212 STB/day.

bdimensionless

0.5

r_wft

0.328

hft

50

k_omD

100

p_wspsi

3000

p_wfpsi

2500

mu_ocP

2

B_oRB/STB

1.2

r_eft

1000

Inputs

b

dimensionless

Penetration Ratio, h_p / h

r_w

ft

Wellbore Radius

h

ft

Oil Column Thickness

k_o

mD

Effective Oil Permeability

p_ws

psi

Static Well Pressure at Producing Interval Midpoint

p_wf

psi

Flowing Well Pressure at Producing Interval Midpoint

mu_o

cP

Oil Viscosity

B_o

RB/STB

Oil Formation Volume Factor

r_e

ft

Drainage Radius

Outputs

q_o

STB/day

Critical Oil Rate without Coning

PR

dimensionless

Productivity Ratio

k_o

mD

Effective Oil Permeability

p_ws

psi

Static Well Pressure at Producing Interval Midpoint

p_wf

psi

Flowing Well Pressure at Producing Interval Midpoint

Source and review

reviewed

Joshi, S.D. 1991. Horizontal Well Technology, Chapter 8, vertical-well critical-rate correlations.

Source

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